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I.
water
A. water
properties
1. cohesive-adhesive
2. high
specific heat
3. less
dense as solid
4. polar
solvent
B. 4 no 5
C. hydrogen
bonding
II.
carbon
A. functional
groups
B. 4
bonding sites
C. variety
of bonds
III. macromolecules
A. carbohydrates
B. proteins
C. lipids
D. nucleic
acids
IV.
tiny metabolism
A. Gibbs/Helmholz
B. free
energy
C. laws
thermodynamics
D. ENZYMES:reduce
activation energy
1. proteins
2. active
sites
3. allosteric
site
4. competitive
inhibition
5. noncompetitive
inhibition
6. cofactors
7. feedback
inhibition
8. cooperativity
9. rate
of rx depends on pH, temp, and amt substrate
10. works
by: microenvironment, side chains can take part, stress bonds
V.
tour of the cell
A. endomembrane
system
B. 2 db
mem organelles
C. compartmentalization
D. everything
has ribosomes
E. all
the cytoskeleton elements and 7+2
F. bags
of enzymes
VI.
cell respiration
A. mitochondria
B. needs
O2 for Krebs
C. substrate
phosphorylation
D. oxidative
phosphorylation: chemiosmosis
E. ETC
F. ATP
synthase
G. Proton
pumps
H. Glycolysis
1. fermentation
VII. photosynthesis
A. photosystems
I and II (cyclic and noncyclic)
B. stroma
and thylakoids
C. Calvin
D. RuBP
RuBP RuBP RuBP RuBP
E. C3,
C4,
CAM
F. photolysis
G. photorespiration
H. photophosphorylation
VIII. early
earth & tiny phylogeny
A. endosymbiosis
theory
B. atmosphere
C. Miller
& Urey
D. prokaryotes
1. forms
of nutrition
E. eukaryotes
F. plants
adapt terrestrial
G. animal
phlog
1. acoelomate;
pseudocoelomate; coelomate
2. symmetry
3. deuterostomes
and protostomes
IX.
possible essays
A. energy
transfer
B. proteins (enzymes)
C. lab essay
D. cell transport & communication
X.
cell
transport
A. all the cytoses-phago, pino, endomemmediated
B. passive and active
C. electrogenic pumps
XI.
tiny
ecology
A. r vs K
B. trophic pyramids
1. primary
productivity
a. primary, secondary, and tertiary consumers
2. flow
of energy and resources
a. allochthonous vs autochthonous
C. structure
vs function
1. structure:
physical appearance includes plants esp. but also animals
2. function:
flow of energy or resources/ how the ecosystem works
D. ecosystem
1. community
a. population
b. succession
E. forcing
function
1. hydrology
2. topography
3. sometimes
fire/ light availability
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